Exploration of Common Poultry Diseases or Disease conditions through the Veterinary Hospital-based Passive Surveillance System at DVH, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh

Abstract

The clinico-epidemiological study was conducted through the veterinary hospital-based passive surveillance to determine the prevalence of poultry diseases and disease conditions and their distributions, observable clinical signs and postmortem lesions and to describe the pattern of the prescription of antibiotics in different poultry cases at Kishoreganj District Veterinary Hospital during October-November, 2019. A total of 552 clinical cases along with epidemiological data were analysed. Multiple poultry diseases or disease conditions (25 different types) were recorded in the present study. The most prevalent cases in broiler were visceral gout 42.4%, infectious bursal disease (IBD) 25.3%, chronic respiratory disease 22.5% and colibacillosis 15.4%. More frequent cases in Sonali were coccidiosis 49.2%, IBD 39%, and colibacillosis 13%. Moreover, common cases in layer obtained colibacillosis 24.2%, Newcastle disease 19.4% and salmonellosis 18.3%. The effect of age was determined in the result of the study as a factor of disease occurrence. In broiler 3-13 days old birds were commonly affected by visceral gout, whereas 17-40 days old Sonali birds were extensively affected by IBD and coccidiosis. In layer birds, the occurrence of salmonellosis was more at the age of 181-350 days. Besides, flock size, floor type, farmers’ experience and education also influenced these diseases or disease conditions. Huge mortality was recorded as 88.3% in broiler due to VG, 67.4% and 24.1% due to coccidiosis and IBD respectively in Sonali, 34.8% in layer due to salmonellosis. Watch group antibiotics (as per WHO) were used mostly in all selected cases as against VG in broiler (88.3%), coccidiosis and IBD in Sonali (67.4% and 24.1%, respectively) and salmonellosis in layer (34.8%). Doxycycline (72.7%), tylosin (66.2%), sulphachloropyridazine (trimethoprim) (65%) was prescribed against visceral gout in broiler. In Sonali, ciprofloxacin (84.8%) and pefloxacin (41.3%) were highly provided antibiotics against IBD, whereas ciprofloxacin (58.6%) and erythromycin (20.7%) against coccidiosis. Besides, application of tiamulin (6.4%),enrofloxacin (5.2%) and sulphadiazine (trimethoprim) (5.2%) was obtained from the result of the study. Less concern about the proper poultry farming and antibiotics application or antibiotic resistance was the purport of vi | P a g e this overall study finding. Therefore, proper strategic plans have been become mandatory to flatten the deviant situations in poultry industry in the study area.