Prevalence of Ruminal Acidosis and other Clinical Diseases at Rangunia Upazilla, Chattogram, Bangladesh

Abstract

A comprehensive study on prevalence, risk factors and treatment assessment of ruminal acidosis in cattle & goat along with other clinical diseases registered in Upazilla Veterinary Hospital at Rangunia Upazilla in Chattogram district was conducted on February to April, 2021. A total of 174 cases including 21 acidosis cases were included into this study to observe. Cases were diagnosed according to clinical history, signs and laboratory tests (Coproscopy, rumen pH). 12.5% &11.9% acidosis cases in cattle & goat was recorded, respectively, in the study area. About 6.25% cattle and 7.7% goats were affected with fever of idiopathic cause. Anorexia was observed in 6.25% cattle and 7.04% goats. Moreover, 2.8% cases of bloat was recorded in goats. Diarrhea was observed in about 9.3% & 6.3% cattle & goat, respectively. Other medicinal cases included dysentery (3.1%), respiratory diseases (6.25%), parasitic infestation (11.26%) in cattle and 4.9%, 5.6% & 12.6 %, respectively in goats. This study recorded 6.25% cases of FMD in cattle & 8.45% PPR in goats. Mastitis was found in 6.25% cattle & 7.04% goats. LSD was found in 6.25% cattle and the occurrence of black quarter and tetanus were 2.1% in case of goats. The percentage of retained placenta, abortion, dystocia and repeat breeding were 3.1% in each case in cattle. In case of goats, we recorded case of retained placenta, abortion, uterine & vaginal prolapse and repeat breeding syndrome were 1.4%, 3.5%, 1.4%, 1.4%, respectively. There were abscess & myiasis cases; 3.15% and 6.25%, respectively in cattle and 2.11% & 7.04%, respectively in goats. The percentage of hernia in case of goats was 1.45%. Ruminal disorders were majorly observed in non- pregnant animals (52.3%) than pregnant animals (9.52%) and in household animals (85.7%) than farm animals (14.2%). We observed positive correlation between pH and duration of illness; an increase in the duration of illness also increased the rumen pH up to a certain level. The most effective treatment and quicker improvement of the cases was observed that were treated with ruminal (orally) and systemic alkalizer (I/V) along with fluid therapy in both species. This study recommends the farmer to abstain from feeding of large amount of easily digestible carbohydrates to ruminant at a time.