Repeat Breeding Syndrome of cows in Bangladesh- A review

Abstract

Repeat Breeding Syndrome is considered as one of the most emerging and frustrated reproductive disorders among dairy herds that hinders favorable productivity and causes heavy economic losses to the livelihood of the farmers. Repeating breeding (RB) means a cow not to conceive after three regular artificial insemination (AI) services by an inseminator or natural services by a breeding bull. The aim of this study were to review the status of Repeat Breeding Syndrome (RBS) includes the factors that increases the risk of RBS, the different etiological factors, the diagnostic & treatment approaches of RBS that are commonly practice in Bangladesh. Its incidence varies among different management systems, environments and regions. It can be diagnosed by using different techniques like recto-vaginal palpation, vaginoscopy, uterine cytology & the in-vivo imaging technique of ultrasonography. The incidence of repeat breeding in dairy cattle can be reduced by improving their conception rate through careful handling of genitalia during insemination to avoid acquired abnormalities, appropriate treatment of reproductive tract infections, administering hormone therapy to improve fertilization success and lower embryonic mortality, and ensuring insemination of dairy cattle after proper clinical examination by a skilled inseminator. Therefore, it is essential to determine the prevalence and associate risk factors for occurrence of repeat breeding in cows and also to evaluate the efficacy of the drugs or interventions used for treatment of repeat breeder cows in Bangladesh.