Isolation, identification and antimicrobial sensitivity profiling for Staphylococcus aureus from captive small cats and deer

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen commonly found on the skin and mucosal surfaces of mammals, is significant in both human and veterinary medicine. We investigated its presence and antibiotic resistance in captive felines and deer at Chattogram Zoo. A total of 18 samples were collected from 8 felines and one deer and cultured on Mannitol salt agar and Blood agar. S. aureus typically forms golden-yellow colonies on Mannitol salt agar due to mannitol fermentation and shows beta-hemolysis on Blood agar, characterized by a clear zone around the colonies. Molecular identification was performed using PCR targeting the NUC gene, specific to S. aureus. Ten samples showed selective bacterial growth, and four exhibited a band at 359 bp on a 1% agarose gel, confirming the presence of S. aureus. Antibiotic sensitivity testing for 11 antibiotics revealed varying resistance and susceptibility profiles. Ampicillin, Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid, and Oxacillin showed 100% resistance, indicating that these antibiotics were ineffective against the isolated strains. Conversely, Imipenem and Gentamicin were 100% effective, showing complete susceptibility. Resistance to Oxacillin by all isolates indicates multidrug resistant S. aureus which will further incorporate public health significance. These results are crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for infections in captive felines. This study provides evidence of S. aureus presence in captive felines at Chattogram Zoo and highlights their antibiotic resistance profiles. These findings lay the foundation for broader research on S. aureus colonization and antimicrobial resistance in captive animals in Bangladesh. Such research is essential for understanding the spread of resistant strains and devising strategies to ensure better health management in zoo animals, ultimately aiding in their treatment and preventing potential transmission to humans.