The management, production strategies of pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) and socio-economic condition of pig farmers are observed at the different regions of Rangamati, Bangladesh

Abstract

The study was conducted to observe the management strategies, production performances of Pig and socio-economic condition of the pig farmers in the different areas of Rangamati, Bangladesh. The report was made as a part of internship program to fulfill the partial requirement of my graduation degree (DVM). In this regard, three Upazilas say Rajasthali, Kaptai, and Manikchori Upazilas were considered as a study area to collect data by surveying from a number of different pig farms (N=18) available within this district of Rangamati, Data on socio-economic condition of the farmers say age, land areas, farm size, sex or gender, topography of soil, marital status, type of farmers, livestock resources, education level or literacy % and so on were collected. Apart from these, pig’s management strategies (e.g. breed, feeding, litter size, stocking density, piglet price, watering, housing, vaccination, disease incidences, rearing system, bio-security, mating system, marketing), and production performances say live weight, feed intake, mortality, selling price etc., were also recorded through a pre-formed questionnaire during the study period. Constraints of pig rearing by the household farmers were also noted under this study. The data of socio-economic or demographic showed that about 22% of farmers had completed their primary schooling. Approximately 61% of female farmers thought that selling piglets and adults, both alive or dead, to the nearby farmer and market were the farm's top priority. The majority of pigs were raised using a free-ranging system. 63% of farmers raise crossbred animals, and rest 37% raised local varieties. Litter size ranges from 8 to 12 and was produced using a natural breeding approach. The most prevalent diseases endangering pig productivity were diarrhoea, pneumonia, HS, and maggot infestation, and the majority of producers neglected to immunize their pigs against the serious illnesses. Piglets typically cost 2,500 Tk, whereas adults generally cost 25,000 Tk. Mortality rates for pigs ranged from 40 to 50%. The majority of farmers are aware that the biggest obstacles to pig production were a lack of financing, disease outbreaks, predator attacks, a lack of veterinary services, and marketing. If the limitations and difficulties of pig farming can be overcome or adequately addressed earlier, both commercial and backyard pig farmers could be profitable financially.