A Descriptive Study on Socio-demographic Profile and Associated Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Patients in

Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the 30 high tuberculosis burden countries in the world. The process from exposure to bacilli to the development of disease facilitated by different exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Studying these risk factors in different geographical condition is the basis for implementing preventive measures. Therefore, this cross sectional study conducted in Chattogram district of Bangladesh to identify possible risk factors of tuberculosis between 1 st January 2020 to 30th June 2021. Data were collected from the government approved DOTS centers (Directly Observed Treatment Short course) under Chittagong Medical College Hospital located in Chattogram city. A pre prepared questionnaire was used and the questionnaire was filled out by direct interview of the patients. Data was analyzed using the software STATA/IC-13. Descriptive analyses of the tuberculosis patients such as percentage of different variables has presented in the graphs. We performed chi-square test for each variable of the patients and the level of significance was considered for risk factors, when p<0.05. The most recorded type of tuberculosis was pulmonary (58%), followed by gland (22%), and intestine (8%). Other less frequently found types were breast (7%) and bone (5%). Among different variables age, gender, marital status, smoking habit and diabetes had significant effect on the occurrence of tuberculosis in various organs. Bone tuberculosis were rare among young age groups but 22.6% found in over 60 years aged participants. Gland tuberculosis highly recorded (31.7%) among participant below 20 years old. Pulmonary tuberculosis was mostly reported in both male (65.2%) and female (49.8%) groups of participants. Among female, 26.7% found gland tuberculosis and 10.9% had breast tuberculosis. The results of this study provide baseline information for future research and developing strategies for the prevention and control of tuberculosis.