Preliminary Assessment of Phytochemical, Antidiarrhoel, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic effect of Guava (Psidium guajava )Plant Leaves.

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study was carried out for the preliminary assessment of antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect as well as phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of guava (Psidium guajava) plant leaves.. The ethanol extract of guava (Psidium guajava) plant leaves showed significant (P<0.05) anti-diarrhoeal activity on castor oil induced diarrhea in model albino rat comparing with loparamide drug (P<0.01). This extract tested against ten pathogenic bacteria and exhibits prominent antibacterial activity against five gram positive (Stayphylococcus aureus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megnatum and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria and one gram negative (Proteus sp) bacteria where Stayphylococcus aureus found highest zone of inhibition among the gram positive bacteria (10.5mm). Proteus sp respond quit excellent sensitivity (13.25mm) to the extract compared to tetracycline. LC50 of ethanol extract of guava (Psidium guajava) against brine shrimp nauplii was 828.7µg/ml and the wide range of LC50 value denote the safety effect of the extract. The phytochemical screening confirmed on the presence of tannin and flavin, in the guava (Psidium guajava) leaves.